Dinitroanilines

PENDIMETHALIN (PROWL) and TRIFLURALIN (TREFLAN)

Mode of action: seedling growth inhibition

Specific mode: inhibits root growth

Chemical family: dinitroaniline

Uptake: root primarily and shoot

Movement: remain at site of absorption

Common application: pre-emergence

Weed control: annual grasses
[For examples, grasses include foxtails, sandbur, crabgrass and fall panicum, and broadleaves include kochia, lambsquarter and pigweed.]

Weed stage: pre-emerged (germinating seed)

Injury by Pendimethalin -- leaf	Injury by Pendimethalin -- root	Injury by Pendimethalin -- severe	Injury by Trifluralin -- root

Potato injury: Dinitroanilines inhibit tubule formation thereby stop cell division at the root tips. With no cell division, cells enlarge. Lateral root development is halted causing short, stubby roots with enlarged tips. Root hairs don't form along affected portions of root. Note that root must grow into soil area containing the dinitroaniline. Short thick underground shoots may be seen if they were in direct contact with herbicide. Plants become stunted. Injury appears within a week of exposure. Injury may result from an early post-emergence application. Mildly injured plants show dark-green areas on leaves with some crinkling. Mature plants with leaf symptoms often have brittle stems which can be snapped by wind. Seldom is injury severe enough to cause death since un-affected roots can make up for loss. Some varieties seem more prone to injury than others.

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