Wilt

The following Table summarizes the symptoms of the four major wilts -- Erwinia, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, and Verticillium. This is an outline of the rough descriptions for identifying the wilts, stem canker and black scurf caused by Rhizoctonia solani, wilt and dry rot caused by Fusarium spp., early dying and vascular discoloration caused by Verticillium dahliae, and black leg and bacterial soft rot caused by Erwinia carotovora. The blights, early and late, are not included here.

Vine Symptoms
	Rhizoc. stem canker	Fusarium wilt	Verticil. wilt	Erwinia black leg
vine & stem	rectangular patches	rosette wilt	one side wilts first	hollow and black stem
stem decay	from outer skin to inside	from ring to outside and inside	from ring to oustide and inside	from the center to outside
stolon	blotches pinching	slow growth	slow growth on one side	black areas pinching
vascular ring	discolors with decay	discolors in stem	discolors on one side	decay slimy
other	roots prune delayed stand emergence	leaf yellow and die all over vine	leaf yellow and die on one side first	stunted delayed stand emergence
Tuber symptoms
	Rhizoc. black scurf	Fusarium dry rot	Verticil. discolor	Erwinia soft rot
tuber core	none	dry cavity	none	soft, wet cavity
vascular ring	none	discolor and decay	discolor	discolor and rot
tuber surface	black spots unwashable	dry decay in wounds	discolor near eyes	sweating and decay